Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals mcq - GTU ONLINE EXAM

 N.B.: Please note (a) is the Correct Answer for all the above questions

1) In 1989, the Foundation for Innovation in Medicine and De Felice coined the following term

 (a) Nutraceuticals

 (b) Functional foods

 (c) Cosmeceutical

 (d) Dietary supplement

2) Ascorbic acid is an examples of Nutraceutical substance grouped by the following food source

 (a) Plants

 (b) Animals

 (c) Microbial

 (d) Mineral

3) The two potentially nutraceutical terpenes, kahweol and cafestol present in coffee beans

 belong to the following class of terpenes

 (a) Diterpenes

 (b) Sesquiterpenes

 (c) Monoterpenes

 (d) Triterpenes

4) Which is the most abundant catechin accounting for 50-80% present in tea is ?

 (a) (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)

 (b) (-) epicatechin gallate (ECG)

 (c) (-) epigallocatechin (EGC),

 (d) (-) epicatechin (EC)

5) Melatonin is the primary hormone secreted by which gland present in our body ?

 (a) pineal gland

 (b) adrenal gland

 (c) thyroid gland

 (d) pituitary gland

6) The phytochemical as nutraceutical which plays an important role in preventing onset

 or progression of Age Related Macular Degeneration. (AMD).

 (a) Lutein

 (b) Lycopene

 (c) Docosahexaenoic acid

 (d) Eicosapentaenoic acid

7) Which of the following contains maximum lycopene content ?

 (a) Tomato paste

 (b) Fresh tomatoes

 (c) Tomato sauce

 (d) Tomato juice

8) Identify the following chemical structure which is an example of phytochemical as

 nutraceutical

 (a) Lutein

 (b) Zeaxanthin

 (c) Astaxanthin

 (d) Lycopene

9) The following is an example of water soluble fibre

 (a) oats

 (b) whole grain cereals

 (c) whole wheat products

 (d) brown rice

10) Which is the modern method of extraction of nutraceuticals based on the phenomenon 

 called acoustic cavitation ?

 (a) Ultrasonic‐assisted extraction

 (b) Microwave‐Assisted Extraction

 (c) Supercritical extraction

 (d) Enzyme‐assisted extraction

11) Which is a certification mark employed on agricultural products in India, assuring that

 they conform to a set of standards under Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare

 an agency of the Government of India

 (a) AGMARK

 (b) MPO

 (c) FSSAI

 (d) FPO

12) Which term relates to the quality of meat products manufactured for sale

 (a) MPO

 (b) AGMARK

 (c) FSSAI

 (d) FPO

13) Which is a certification mark mandatory on all processed fruit products sold in India

 (a) FPO

 (b) AGMARK

 (c) FSSAI

 (d) MPO

14) The major metabolite identified as 3-Hydroxyphenylpropionic acid is present in the

 following nutraceutical

 (a) Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract

 (b) Tea

 (c) Oats

 (d) Soyabean

For biostatistics CLICK HERE

15) The following is an example of water insoluble fibre

 (a) whole wheat products

 (b) dried beans

 (c) legumes

 (d) lentils

16) Fulvic acid is present in following nutraceutical

 (a) shilajit

 (b) oats

 (c) soyabean

 (d) tea

17) The nutraceutical which is synthesized from amino acids L-cysteine, L-glutamic acid

 and glycine

 (a) glutathione

 (b) melatonin

 (c) carnitine

 (d) shilajit

18) Astaxanthene comes under which chemical class of nutraceuticals

 (a) carotenoids

 (b) phenolics and polyphenolics

 (c) sulphur compounds

 (d) quinones

19) Which is the nutraceutical synthesised from lysine and methionine in the liver and kidney?

 (a) carnitine

 (b) melatonin

 (c) glutathione

 (d) quinones

20) Which nutraceutical is used in the treatment of circulatory disorders like varicose veins,

 chilblains and retinal bleeding ?

 (a) rutin

 (b) glucosinates

 (c) tocopherol

 (d) zeaxanthene

SOLVE MCQs Given Below

1. Grapes are considered functional foods because they contain these substances:

A. Proteins

B. Carbohydrates

C. Phytochemicals

D. None of the above

2. Omega-3 fatty acids are naturally high in salmon. Therefore, salmon can be classified as

this type of food?

A. Fortified food

B. Functional Food

C. Dietary supplement

D. Nutraceutical

3. Which of the following is defined as food, or parts of food, that provide medical or health

benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease?

A. Nutraceuticals

B. Functional Foods

C. Dietary supplements

D. Pharmaceuticals

4. Which of the following would be considered components of Public Health Nutrition?

A. Dietary guidelines

B. Nutritional epidemiology

C. Fortification of foods with vitamins and minerals

D. All of the options listed are correct

5. Which of the following statement is correct?

A. The flavonoid class comprises flavonoids and isoflavonoids.

B. The digestibility and bioavailability of isoflavones in soya food products are not changed by

processing.

C. ß-Carotene and lycopene can both act as provitamin A.

D Carotenoids and flavonoids both belong to the polyphenol class.

6. Are GM foods a valuable tool with which to address global food security and climate

change?

A. No, because they may cause cancer and have other unknown health effects thus making them

unacceptable to consumers

B. Yes, because they can provide us with a more abundant and economical food supply for the

world as well as continued improvement in nutritional quality

C. Yes, because they are cheaper than non-GM foods

D. No, because GM foods cannot adapt to the rate of climate change

7. Which active non-nutrient is a common component of yoghurt?

A. Fibre

B. Probiotics

C. Antioxidants

D. Phytochemicals

8. Which of the following enhances gut functioning?

A. Phytoestrogens

B. Probiotics

C. Antioxidants

D. Omega 3 fatty acids

9. Bread which has been fortified with vitamins and minerals, is classified as which type of

food?

A. Organic

B. Genetically modified

C. Functional

D. Specialised

10. Alpha linoleic acid is written as 18:3, which means

A. 18 carbon atoms and double bond at C-3

B. 18 hydrogen atoms and 3 carbon atoms

C. 18 carbon atoms and 3 double bonds

D. 18 single bonds and 3 double bonds

11. Which of the following is not PUFA?

A. Linolenic acid

B. Oleic acid

C. Linoleic acid

D. Arachidonic acid

12. Which of the following is present in flaxseed?

A. Secoisolariciresinol, isolariciresinol and lariciresinol

B. Metaresinol

C. Pinoresinol

D. All of the above

13. Carotenoids are not responsible for the following hue in plants:

A. Yellow

B. Orange

C. Pink

D. Red

14. Which of the following carotenoid is found in flamingo?

A. Zeaxanthin

B. Cryptoxanthin

C. Astaxanthin

D. Lutein

15. Which one of the following is the herbomineral drug?

A. Melatonin

B. Glutathione

C. Shilajit

D. Carnitine

16. Which class of molecules consists of two aromatic rings (A and B) joined by an

oxygenated C-ring?

A. Flavonoids

B. Stilbenes

C. Glucosinolates

D. Phenolic acids

17. Lignans are part of which family of compounds?

A. Carotenoids

B. Polyphenols

C. Phytosterols

D. None of the above

18. As part of their molecular structures, hydrocarbon carotenoids contain:

A. No hydroxyl groups

B. 1 hydroxyl group

C. 2 hydroxyl groups

D. >2 hydroxyl groups

19. Which forms of flavonoids are also known as phyto-oestrogens?

A. Flavanols

B. Flavones

C. Isoflavones

D. Anthocyanidins

20. A flavonoid glycone is one that has:

A. An amino acid attached

B. A fatty acid attached

C. A sugar attached

D. None of the above

21. Catechin and epicatechin are:

A. Flavanols

B. Anthocyanidins

C. Phenolic acids

D. Carotenoids

22. Which one of the following is not part of the usual definition for a functional food?

A. It is consumed as part of a normal food pattern

B. It is not a pill, a capsule or any form of dietary supplement

C. It has physiological benefits and/or reduces the risk of chronic disease beyond basic nutritional

requirements

D. None of the above

23. Which one of the following carotenoids is present in high concentrations in the macula?

A. Lycopene

B. Lutein

C. α-Carotene

D. β-Carotene

24. Which unsaturated fatty acid is present in high concentrations in the rod cells of the

retina?

A. Oleic acid

B. Linoleic acid

C. Linolenic acid

D. Docosahexaenoic acid

25. The essential fatty acids include:

A. Stearic acid and oleic acid

B. Oleic acid and linoleic acid

C. Palmitic acid and linolenic acid

D. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid

26. Which vitamin may interact with the anti-coagulant warfarin and increase the risk of

excessive bleeding?

A. Vitamin A

B. Vitamin E

C. Vitamin B6

D. Vitamin B12

27. The most biologically active form of vitamin E is:

A. all-rac α-tocopherol

B. RRR-α-tocopherol

C. all-rac α-tocotrienol

D. RRR-γ-tocopherol

28. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

A. Tocopherols have a saturated hydrocarbon chain, whereas tocotrienols are unsaturated

B. Tocopheryl esters are more stable than free tocopherols

C. α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherols differ from each other on the hydrocarbon chain

D. Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant in the lipid environment of cells

29. Retinopathy of prematurity is associated with a deficiency of which nutrient:

A. Retinol

B. Tocopherol

C. Cholecalciferol

D. None of the above

30. Tea is a major dietary source of which one of the following trace elements?

A. Manganese

B. Zinc

C. Copper

D. Selenium

31. Keshan and Kashin–Beck diseases in China are associated with a deficiency of what

mineral in the soil:

A. Cobalt

B. Molybdenum

C. Copper

D. Selenium

32. Diets high in fibre have been proposed to protect against colorectal cancer by which one

of the following mechanisms?

A. Antioxidant effect, which quenches free radicals

B. Increased repair of damaged DNA

C. Increased induction of detoxifying enzymes

D. More rapid removal of potential carcinogens

33. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

A. SFAs with 14 and 16 fatty acids are strongly associated with raised LDL levels

B. Replacement of SFAs with n-6 PUFAs reduces plasma LDL levels

C. For optimal plasma lipid profiles, n-6 PUFAs should contribute at least 10% of dietary energy

D. None of the above

34. FPO stands for:

A. Food Products Order

B. Fruit Products Order

C. Food and Fruit Products Order

D. None of the above

35. MPO stands for:

A. Meat Products Order

B. Milk Product Order

C. Milk and Milk Products Order

D. None of the above

36. Curcumin is:

A. Terpenoid

B. Anthocyanin

C. Diaryl heptanoid

D. Flavonoid

37. Which of the following is protein?

A. Glutathione

B. Melatonin

C. Carnitine

D. Collagen

38. Which of the following is Prebiotic food?

A. Chicory root

B. Tomato

C. Banana

D. All of the above

39. Which of the following is Prebiotic?

A. Fructo-oligosaccharide

B. Galacto-oligosaccharide

C. Xylo-oligosaccharide

D. All of the above

40. Which of the following is Probiotic?

A. Bifidobacterium species

B. Lactobacillus species

C. Yogurt

D. All of the above